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Digital Buffer – Working, Definition, Truth Table, Double Inversion, Fan-out

In this post we will try to understand what digital buffers are, and we will be taking a look at its definition, symbol, truth table, double inversion using logic “NOT” gate, digital buffer fan out fan...

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Pull-Up and Pull-Down Resistors

In this post we are going to explore pull-Up resistor and pull-down resistor, why they are commonly used in electronic circuits, what happens to electronic circuits without Pull-Up or Pull-down...

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Understanding Scalar (V/f) Control Algorithm for Induction Motor Control

In this article we will try to understand how scalar control algorithm is implemented for controlling induction motor speed with relatively straightforward calculations, and yet achieve a reasonably...

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18650 2600mAh Battery Datasheet and Working

In this article we will try to understand the main specifications and datasheet of the Li-Ion cell 18650 2600mAh, which has become very poplar in the present time and is mostly preferred by all...

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1500 watt PWM Sinewave Inverter Circuit

A vey basic yet reasoably efficuent 1500 watt PWM based sinewwave inverter circuit can be studied under this post. The design utilizes very ordinary parts to accomplish a powerful SPWM type inverter...

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Free Energy from Inverter

While experimenting with a 300V DC to 220V AC inverter circuit, I noticed a strange overunity phenomenon which appeared to be like the generation of free energy from the inverter transformer. Recently...

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LM324 Quick Datasheet and Application Circuits

In this post we are going to take a look at the popular LM 324 IC. We will be looking at the pin configuration, its important features and its technical specifications and finally we will be looking at...

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Arduino Full-Bridge (H-Bridge) Sinewave Inverter Circuit

A simple yet useful Microprocessor based Arduino full-bridge inverter circuit can be built by programming an Arduino board with SPWM and by integrating a few mosfets with in H-bridge topology, let's...

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PIR Sensor Datasheet, Pinout Specifications, Working

In this post we are going to explore the datasheet of PIR or Pyroelectric Infrared Radial Sensor HC-SR501. We will understand for what purpose PIR sensor is used? Its basic operation, its technical...

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Vehicle Speed Detector Circuit for Traffic Police

In this post we are going to construct a circuit which can measure the speed of any vehicle on roads and highways. The proposed circuit is kept stationary at a place where the vehicles are suspected to...

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TV Remote Control Tester Circuits

We all use remote control handsets for controlling various household devices such as TV, AC, Music systems, curtains etc, and sometimes we seem to have problems with these devices, or even a newly...

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Wireless Office Calling Bell Using Arduino

In this post we are going to construct wireless office calling bell which can be used for calling 6 different personnel from head’s / boss’s desk or some other calling bell type fun project for your...

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How to Make Simple Boost Converter Circuits

A couple of simple boost converter circuts are explained in this post, whch can be build and applied by any hobbyists for their own specific requiremenet. What is a Boost Converter A boost converter...

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Ultrasonic Wireless Water Level Indicator Using Arduino – Solar Powered

In this post we are going to construct a ultrasonic based solar powered wireless water level indicator using Arduino in which the Arduinos would be transmitting and receiving at 2.4 GHz wireless...

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How to Design a Flyback Converter – Comprehensive Tutorial

A flyback configuration is the preferred topology in SMPS application designs mainly because it guarantees complete isolation of the output DC from the input mains AC. Other features include low...

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Understanding PID Controller

The first successful assessment of PID control theory was practically verified in the field of automatic steering systems for ships, way back around the year 1920. After this it was applied in various...

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5 KVA to 10 KVA Automatic Voltage Stabilizer Circuit – 220 Volts, 120 Volts

In this article we discuss an easy to build a 7 stage 5KVA to 10KVA voltage stabilizer circuit which can be used  for controlling our mains AC line fluctuations and for producing very accurate...

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PIR Motion Activated Relay Circuit

The post discuses the pinout details of the standard passive infrared (PIR) sensor RE200B and also explains how to make a a PIR motion detector circuit using a single transistor and relay, which can...

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How a Relay Works in Circuits – How to Connect it

In this post we learn comprehensively regarding how relay works in electronic circuits, how to identify its pinouts of any relay through a meter and connect in circuits. Introduction Whether it’s for...

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5 Simple Inverter Circuits

These 5 super simple inverter circuits does not limit it in any way from providing a high output power and an efficiency of a good 75%. Learn how to build this cheap mini inverter and power small 220V...

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